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Christianity

Psalms 109A Plea Against a False Accuser

Summary

Psalm 109, attributed to David, is often called the harshest of the imprecatory psalms. Repaid with hatred for his love, the speaker prays that his accuser be condemned, his days be few, another take his office, and his children be left fatherless. He then asks God to act for his name's sake, describes himself as poor, needy and wounded in heart, and vows to praise the God who stands at the right hand of the poor. Interpreters debate whether verses 6 to 19 are his curses or his enemies'.

Key verse

“For my love they are my adversaries: but I give myself unto prayer.”

Psalms 109:4

Themes

  • Imprecation
  • False Accusation
  • Prayer Amid Hostility
  • God Defends the Poor

Text

1

Hold not thy peace, O God of my praise;

2

For the mouth of the wicked and the mouth of the deceitful are opened against me: they have spoken against me with a lying tongue.

3

They compassed me about also with words of hatred; and fought against me without a cause.

4

For my love they are my adversaries: but I give myself unto prayer.

5

And they have rewarded me evil for good, and hatred for my love.

6

Set thou a wicked man over him: and let Satan stand at his right hand.

7

When he shall be judged, let him be condemned: and let his prayer become sin.

8

Let his days be few; and let another take his office.

9

Let his children be fatherless, and his wife a widow.

10

Let his children be continually vagabonds, and beg: let them seek their bread also out of their desolate places.

11

Let the extortioner catch all that he hath; and let the strangers spoil his labour.

12

Let there be none to extend mercy unto him: neither let there be any to favour his fatherless children.

13

Let his posterity be cut off; and in the generation following let their name be blotted out.

14

Let the iniquity of his fathers be remembered with the LORD; and let not the sin of his mother be blotted out.

15

Let them be before the LORD continually, that he may cut off the memory of them from the earth.

16

Because that he remembered not to shew mercy, but persecuted the poor and needy man, that he might even slay the broken in heart.

17

As he loved cursing, so let it come unto him: as he delighted not in blessing, so let it be far from him.

18

As he clothed himself with cursing like as with his garment, so let it come into his bowels like water, and like oil into his bones.

19

Let it be unto him as the garment which covereth him, and for a girdle wherewith he is girded continually.

20

Let this be the reward of mine adversaries from the LORD, and of them that speak evil against my soul.

21

But do thou for me, O GOD the Lord, for thy name’s sake: because thy mercy is good, deliver thou me.

22

For I am poor and needy, and my heart is wounded within me.

23

I am gone like the shadow when it declineth: I am tossed up and down as the locust.

24

My knees are weak through fasting; and my flesh faileth of fatness.

25

I became also a reproach unto them: when they looked upon me they shaked their heads.

26

Help me, O LORD my God: O save me according to thy mercy:

27

That they may know that this is thy hand; that thou, LORD, hast done it.

28

Let them curse, but bless thou: when they arise, let them be ashamed; but let thy servant rejoice.

29

Let mine adversaries be clothed with shame, and let them cover themselves with their own confusion, as with a mantle.

30

I will greatly praise the LORD with my mouth; yea, I will praise him among the multitude.

31

For he shall stand at the right hand of the poor, to save him from those that condemn his soul.

Text: King James Version (1611/1769), public domain.

Across traditions

  • Christianity

    Acts 1: Let Another Take His Office

    In Acts 1:20 Peter applies Psalm 109:8 to replacing Judas among the twelve apostles, combining it with words from Psalm 69:25.

  • Christianity

    Matthew 5: Love Your Enemies

    Jesus' teaching in Matthew 5:44 to love enemies and pray for persecutors is often set beside the curses of Psalm 109, and Christian readers have long wrestled with how to pray such psalms.

Questions about Psalms 109

Why does Psalm 109 contain curses?

Imprecatory psalms give voice to victims of grave injustice, handing their desire for justice to God rather than acting on it themselves. Some scholars read verses 6 to 19 as the enemies' words against the psalmist, since the Hebrew shifts from plural enemies to a single person.

Where is Psalm 109 quoted in the New Testament?

Acts 1:20 quotes verse 8 about another taking Judas's office. Some readers also hear verse 25, where onlookers shake their heads at the sufferer, behind the mockery at the crucifixion in Matthew 27:39.