Christianity
Ecclesiastes 7Better the House of Mourning
Summary
Ecclesiastes 7 gathers proverbs, many in a better-than form. A good name beats precious ointment, the day of death beats the day of birth, and the house of mourning teaches more than the house of feasting. Patience beats pride, and asking why former days were better is unwise. In prosperity be joyful and in adversity consider. The Preacher warns against being overly righteous or overly wicked, admits no one is without sin, and confesses that full wisdom remains far off.
Key verse
“In the day of prosperity be joyful, but in the day of adversity consider: God also hath set the one over against the other, to the end that man should find nothing after him.”
Ecclesiastes 7:14
Themes
- Mortality
- Patience
- Balance
- Human Imperfection
Text
A good name is better than precious ointment; and the day of death than the day of one’s birth.
It is better to go to the house of mourning, than to go to the house of feasting: for that is the end of all men; and the living will lay it to his heart.
Sorrow is better than laughter: for by the sadness of the countenance the heart is made better.
The heart of the wise is in the house of mourning; but the heart of fools is in the house of mirth.
It is better to hear the rebuke of the wise, than for a man to hear the song of fools.
For as the crackling of thorns under a pot, so is the laughter of the fool: this also is vanity.
Surely oppression maketh a wise man mad; and a gift destroyeth the heart.
Better is the end of a thing than the beginning thereof: and the patient in spirit is better than the proud in spirit.
Be not hasty in thy spirit to be angry: for anger resteth in the bosom of fools.
Say not thou, What is the cause that the former days were better than these? for thou dost not enquire wisely concerning this.
Wisdom is good with an inheritance: and by it there is profit to them that see the sun.
For wisdom is a defence, and money is a defence: but the excellency of knowledge is, that wisdom giveth life to them that have it.
Consider the work of God: for who can make that straight, which he hath made crooked?
In the day of prosperity be joyful, but in the day of adversity consider: God also hath set the one over against the other, to the end that man should find nothing after him.
All things have I seen in the days of my vanity: there is a just man that perisheth in his righteousness, and there is a wicked man that prolongeth his life in his wickedness.
Be not righteous over much; neither make thyself over wise: why shouldest thou destroy thyself ?
Be not over much wicked, neither be thou foolish: why shouldest thou die before thy time?
It is good that thou shouldest take hold of this; yea, also from this withdraw not thine hand: for he that feareth God shall come forth of them all.
Wisdom strengtheneth the wise more than ten mighty men which are in the city.
For there is not a just man upon earth, that doeth good, and sinneth not.
Also take no heed unto all words that are spoken; lest thou hear thy servant curse thee:
For oftentimes also thine own heart knoweth that thou thyself likewise hast cursed others.
All this have I proved by wisdom: I said, I will be wise; but it was far from me.
That which is far off, and exceeding deep, who can find it out?
I applied mine heart to know, and to search, and to seek out wisdom, and the reason of things, and to know the wickedness of folly, even of foolishness and madness:
And I find more bitter than death the woman, whose heart is snares and nets, and her hands as bands: whoso pleaseth God shall escape from her; but the sinner shall be taken by her.
Behold, this have I found, saith the preacher, counting one by one, to find out the account:
Which yet my soul seeketh, but I find not: one man among a thousand have I found; but a woman among all those have I not found.
Lo, this only have I found, that God hath made man upright; but they have sought out many inventions.
Text: King James Version (1611/1769), public domain.
Across traditions
Buddhism
Samyutta Nikaya 56.11: The Middle WayIn his first sermon the Buddha teaches avoiding two extremes, indulgence and harsh self-mortification, in favor of a middle way. Ecclesiastes 7:16 to 18 also warns against extremes, though its concern is the fear of God rather than liberation.
Buddhism
Dhammapada 146 to 156: Old AgeThis chapter asks what joy or laughter there can be when the flames are ever burning and urges reflection on the aging body. Ecclesiastes 7:2 to 4 likewise says the wise heart is in the house of mourning.
Christianity
Romans 3: None RighteousPaul's claim in Romans 3:10 to 23 that there is none righteous, no, not one, is often read with Ecclesiastes 7:20, there is not a just man upon earth, that doeth good, and sinneth not.
Questions about Ecclesiastes 7
What does be not righteous over much mean?
Ecclesiastes 7:16 warns against self-righteousness or excessive scrupulosity that destroys a person. Interpreters read it as a call to balance and humility, not as permission to do wrong, since 7:17 also warns against wickedness.
Why is the house of mourning better than the house of feasting?
Ecclesiastes 7:2 says death is the end of all people, and the living will take it to heart. Facing mortality brings wisdom that celebration alone cannot.
What does Ecclesiastes 7:10 mean?
It says not to ask why the former days were better than these, for that question does not come from wisdom, a warning against nostalgia that ignores present realities.