Christianity
1 Samuel 11Saul Rescues Jabesh-gilead
Summary
1 Samuel 11 tells how Nahash the Ammonite besieges Jabesh-gilead and agrees to a treaty only if he can gouge out every man's right eye. The elders ask for seven days to seek help. When Saul hears, the Spirit of God comes on him; he cuts a yoke of oxen in pieces and sends them through Israel as a summons. Saul's army routs the Ammonites at dawn. He spares his critics, and the kingdom is renewed at Gilgal.
Key verse
“And Saul said, There shall not a man be put to death this day: for to day the LORD hath wrought salvation in Israel.”
1 Samuel 11:13
Themes
- Courageous Leadership
- Rescue
- Mercy to Critics
- Unity
Text
Then Nahash the Ammonite came up, and encamped against Jabeshgilead: and all the men of Jabesh said unto Nahash, Make a covenant with us, and we will serve thee.
And Nahash the Ammonite answered them, On this condition will I make a covenant with you, that I may thrust out all your right eyes, and lay it for a reproach upon all Israel.
And the elders of Jabesh said unto him, Give us seven days’ respite, that we may send messengers unto all the coasts of Israel: and then, if there be no man to save us, we will come out to thee.
Then came the messengers to Gibeah of Saul, and told the tidings in the ears of the people: and all the people lifted up their voices, and wept.
And, behold, Saul came after the herd out of the field; and Saul said, What aileth the people that they weep? And they told him the tidings of the men of Jabesh.
And the Spirit of God came upon Saul when he heard those tidings, and his anger was kindled greatly.
And he took a yoke of oxen, and hewed them in pieces, and sent them throughout all the coasts of Israel by the hands of messengers, saying, Whosoever cometh not forth after Saul and after Samuel, so shall it be done unto his oxen. And the fear of the LORD fell on the people, and they came out with one consent.
And when he numbered them in Bezek, the children of Israel were three hundred thousand, and the men of Judah thirty thousand.
And they said unto the messengers that came, Thus shall ye say unto the men of Jabeshgilead, To morrow, by that time the sun be hot, ye shall have help. And the messengers came and shewed it to the men of Jabesh; and they were glad.
Therefore the men of Jabesh said, To morrow we will come out unto you, and ye shall do with us all that seemeth good unto you.
And it was so on the morrow, that Saul put the people in three companies; and they came into the midst of the host in the morning watch, and slew the Ammonites until the heat of the day: and it came to pass, that they which remained were scattered, so that two of them were not left together.
And the people said unto Samuel, Who is he that said, Shall Saul reign over us? bring the men, that we may put them to death.
And Saul said, There shall not a man be put to death this day: for to day the LORD hath wrought salvation in Israel.
Then said Samuel to the people, Come, and let us go to Gilgal, and renew the kingdom there.
And all the people went to Gilgal; and there they made Saul king before the LORD in Gilgal; and there they sacrificed sacrifices of peace offerings before the LORD; and there Saul and all the men of Israel rejoiced greatly.
Text: King James Version (1611/1769), public domain.
Across traditions
Christianity
Judges 19: A Summons by PiecesSaul's call to arms with pieces of oxen recalls the Levite's grim summons in Judges 19, also involving Gibeah and Jabesh-gilead, and many readers see a deliberate echo.
Christianity
1 Samuel 31: Jabesh Repays SaulAt Saul's death the men of Jabesh-gilead march all night to recover his body from Beth-shan, repaying the rescue of this chapter.
Questions about 1 Samuel 11
Why did Nahash want to put out the right eyes?
1 Samuel 11:2 says it was to lay reproach on all Israel. Some interpreters add that losing the right eye would hinder a soldier, since a shield covered the left.
What extra passage do the Dead Sea Scrolls add before 1 Samuel 11?
A Samuel scroll from Qumran contains a paragraph describing how Nahash had already been gouging out the right eyes of Gadites and Reubenites. Some modern translations include it, while the KJV, based on the Masoretic text, does not.