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Christianity

1 Chronicles 1From Adam to Edom

Summary

1 Chronicles 1 compresses the whole of Genesis into a list of names. It runs from Adam through Noah and the nations descended from Shem, Ham and Japheth, then narrows to Abraham, his sons Ishmael and Isaac, the sons of Keturah, and Esau's descendants with the early kings and chiefs of Edom. The Chronicler tells no stories here: the bare list frames Israel's history as part of the history of all humanity.

Key verse

“Adam, Sheth, Enosh,”

1 Chronicles 1:1

Themes

  • Genealogy
  • Origins of Humanity
  • Family of Abraham
  • Nations

Text

1

Adam, Sheth, Enosh,

2

Kenan, Mahalaleel, Jered,

3

Henoch, Methuselah, Lamech,

4

Noah, Shem, Ham, and Japheth.

5

The sons of Japheth; Gomer, and Magog, and Madai, and Javan, and Tubal, and Meshech, and Tiras.

6

And the sons of Gomer; Ashchenaz, and Riphath, and Togarmah.

7

And the sons of Javan; Elishah, and Tarshish, Kittim, and Dodanim.

8

The sons of Ham; Cush, and Mizraim, Put, and Canaan.

9

And the sons of Cush; Seba, and Havilah, and Sabta, and Raamah, and Sabtecha. And the sons of Raamah; Sheba, and Dedan.

10

And Cush begat Nimrod: he began to be mighty upon the earth.

11

And Mizraim begat Ludim, and Anamim, and Lehabim, and Naphtuhim,

12

And Pathrusim, and Casluhim, (of whom came the Philistines,) and Caphthorim.

13

And Canaan begat Zidon his firstborn, and Heth,

14

The Jebusite also, and the Amorite, and the Girgashite,

15

And the Hivite, and the Arkite, and the Sinite,

16

And the Arvadite, and the Zemarite, and the Hamathite.

17

The sons of Shem; Elam, and Asshur, and Arphaxad, and Lud, and Aram, and Uz, and Hul, and Gether, and Meshech.

18

And Arphaxad begat Shelah, and Shelah begat Eber.

19

And unto Eber were born two sons: the name of the one was Peleg; because in his days the earth was divided: and his brother’s name was Joktan.

20

And Joktan begat Almodad, and Sheleph, and Hazarmaveth, and Jerah,

21

Hadoram also, and Uzal, and Diklah,

22

And Ebal, and Abimael, and Sheba,

23

And Ophir, and Havilah, and Jobab. All these were the sons of Joktan.

24

Shem, Arphaxad, Shelah,

25

Eber, Peleg, Reu,

26

Serug, Nahor, Terah,

27

Abram; the same is Abraham.

28

The sons of Abraham; Isaac, and Ishmael.

29

These are their generations: The firstborn of Ishmael, Nebaioth; then Kedar, and Adbeel, and Mibsam,

30

Mishma, and Dumah, Massa, Hadad, and Tema,

31

Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. These are the sons of Ishmael.

32

Now the sons of Keturah, Abraham’s concubine: she bare Zimran, and Jokshan, and Medan, and Midian, and Ishbak, and Shuah. And the sons of Jokshan; Sheba, and Dedan.

33

And the sons of Midian; Ephah, and Epher, and Henoch, and Abida, and Eldaah. All these are the sons of Keturah.

34

And Abraham begat Isaac. The sons of Isaac; Esau and Israel.

35

The sons of Esau; Eliphaz, Reuel, and Jeush, and Jaalam, and Korah.

36

The sons of Eliphaz; Teman, and Omar, Zephi, and Gatam, Kenaz, and Timna, and Amalek.

37

The sons of Reuel; Nahath, Zerah, Shammah, and Mizzah.

38

And the sons of Seir; Lotan, and Shobal, and Zibeon, and Anah, and Dishon, and Ezar, and Dishan.

39

And the sons of Lotan; Hori, and Homam: and Timna was Lotan’s sister.

40

The sons of Shobal; Alian, and Manahath, and Ebal, Shephi, and Onam. And the sons of Zibeon; Aiah, and Anah.

41

The sons of Anah; Dishon. And the sons of Dishon; Amram, and Eshban, and Ithran, and Cheran.

42

The sons of Ezer; Bilhan, and Zavan, and Jakan. The sons of Dishan; Uz, and Aran.

43

Now these are the kings that reigned in the land of Edom before any king reigned over the children of Israel; Bela the son of Beor: and the name of his city was Dinhabah.

44

And when Bela was dead, Jobab the son of Zerah of Bozrah reigned in his stead.

45

And when Jobab was dead, Husham of the land of the Temanites reigned in his stead.

46

And when Husham was dead, Hadad the son of Bedad, which smote Midian in the field of Moab, reigned in his stead: and the name of his city was Avith.

47

And when Hadad was dead, Samlah of Masrekah reigned in his stead.

48

And when Samlah was dead, Shaul of Rehoboth by the river reigned in his stead.

49

And when Shaul was dead, Baalhanan the son of Achbor reigned in his stead.

50

And when Baalhanan was dead, Hadad reigned in his stead: and the name of his city was Pai; and his wife’s name was Mehetabel, the daughter of Matred, the daughter of Mezahab.

51

Hadad died also. And the dukes of Edom were; duke Timnah, duke Aliah, duke Jetheth,

52

Duke Aholibamah, duke Elah, duke Pinon,

53

Duke Kenaz, duke Teman, duke Mibzar,

54

Duke Magdiel, duke Iram. These are the dukes of Edom.

Text: King James Version (1611/1769), public domain.

Across traditions

  • Christianity

    Genesis 5: The Line of Adam

    Genesis 5 and the table of nations in Genesis 10 supply most of the names in this chapter, which keeps only the line of descent and drops the ages and narratives.

  • Christianity

    Luke 3: Back to Adam

    Luke's genealogy of Jesus also reaches back to Adam, using names that overlap with this chapter, to present a universal rather than only national story.

  • Islam

    Surah Al-Baqara (2): Abraham and Ishmael

    Chronicles lists Ishmael and his twelve sons beside Isaac. The Quran honors Ishmael as a prophet who helped Abraham raise the foundations of the House (2:127), and Muslim tradition traces the Prophet Muhammad's lineage to him.

Questions about 1 Chronicles 1

Why does 1 Chronicles begin with genealogies?

The opening nine chapters place Israel within the story of all humanity and then within the tribes, showing who belonged to the community. Many scholars think this mattered to a post-exilic audience rebuilding its identity after Babylon.

Are Ishmael's sons listed in Chronicles?

Yes. 1 Chronicles 1:29 to 31 lists the twelve sons of Ishmael, beginning with Nebaioth and Kedar, matching Genesis 25:13 to 15.